Simulation-Based 5G Femtocell Network System Performance Analysis

The field of telecommunications technology has undergone significant changes in recent years, particularly with the development and commercial use of 4G and 5G technologies. As 5G technology becomes increasingly prevalent in Indonesia


Introduction
At present, preparations for the implementation of 5G technology are being intensively carried out by several consortiums, such as Metis (Mobile and Wireless Communications Enablers for Twenty-Twenty (2020) Information Society) and 5GNOW, which are a combination of academics, industry, and regulators to find the right technology to meet 5G technology standards [1].In addition to the flat reaching 10 GB/s, 5G technology allows computing integrated with various devices to realize the Internet of Things (IoT) network scenario [2].Based on the facts above, to prepare themselves to welcome the 5G generation, an initial study is needed to examine the application of 5G technology, especially in areas with high population density [3].In this study, we analyzed the FemtoCell network scenario that can meet the characteristics of 5G -free cellular communication technology standards [4].
The 5G technology standard aims to achieve at least ten times higher than the current data rate [5].Cellular traffic is predicted to increase 1500 times more than in 2018 [6].According to Theodore Rappaport from the New York University wireless research centre, 4G technology will not be able to accommodate the surge of traffic [7].e-ISSN: 2808-554X

Simulation-Based 5G Femtocell Network System Performance Analysis
■ 75 At present, the frequency spectrum under Gigahertz is no longer possible to be used because it has been widely used for cellular, television and radio communication [8].Therefore, expansion is needed to a higher spectrum, ranging from 3 GHz to possibly above 30 GHz (millimetre wave) [9].By using a frequency spectrum that is still widely available, the system's bandwidth will be even greater [10].But the challenge of using a millimetre wave is the vulnerability to rainfall due to very small wavelengths [11].To overcome this, the addition of signal power needs to be done.
To meet the 5G technology characteristics standards, network systems must be able to provide high flat to users and system capacity [12].Beamforming is a technique that can overcome these challenges by directing transmission signals from several n antennas composition to users [13].Massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) can be seen as a form of beamforming, with several antenna elements in the base station and user terminal [14].Mimo antennas contain many antenna elements that can form radiation patterns and direct the transmission signal in a specific direction [15].By doing this, the efficiency of channels and data rates can be increased.Suppose the high-frequency spectrum and millimetre waves are used in the 5G network system.In that case, the antenna dimension can be reduced to the centimetre unit, so the Massive Mimo antenna consisting of tens to hundreds of antennas can be integrated into various devices [16].The base Station will effectively collect Channel State Information (CSI) between each antenna element and the user terminal.Relative amplitude and phase shift will be applied to direct signals to specific users and simultaneously minimize the interference of other user signals.Some signal processing methods that can be used in Mimo MassISve are Maximum Ratio (MR), Zero Forcing (ZF), and the Minimum Mean Square Error (MMSE) [17].
The existing communication network has been heterogeneous, such as Wi-Fi and macro cell networks in the same place [18].In 5G technology, the number of types of jargon will be more diverse with the device-to-device communication that allows communication between devices directly without going through the base station.Therefore, communicating between different platforms is important in 5G technology standards.
Femtocell is an efficient solution for providing wireless communication services in the room [19].With a fairly small base station size, or called access point, the financing for FemtoCell is much cheaper than constructing a microcell network [20].With a service range of 10 to 50 meters, Femtocell can serve users with low power and high capacity [21].Femtocell access methods are related to environmental conditions and business models [22].In a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), only certain registered users can access services, while in an Open Subscriber Group (OSG), FemtoCell can be accessed by all users [23].In hybrid access mode, some femtocells can serve unregistered users [24].This FemtoCell Access Mode will determine the number of Femtocells for area coverage [25].The evaluation of the Femtocell network in this study will be carried out by measuring signal-to-interference noise ratio (singer) and flat [26].First, the power the user receives is obtained by calculating the Budge Link [27]

Research Method
The method used in this study uses a quantitative approach based on measurements of the simulation results [28].The steps that must be taken in this study are the determination of the formulation of the problem, namely, to get a screenplay of the Femtocell 5G network that is suitable to be applied [29].
Then proceed with the literature study to choose the right solution to solve the problem [30].Femtocell networks will be built on computer simulations based on the initial data needed by Pangguna, and then the user's flat collection is obtained [31].In this study, the area used for system simulation is the environment around the Campus of the Sumatra Institute of Technology (ITERA) [32].Given the increase in the number of students who have reached more than five thousand people at this time, it is very representative to represent the area with a density of communication service users high cellular.

Number of Cellular Networks
Scenario The number of networks depends on the scope of the area and the traffic of data needed.Based on the Master Plan for ITERA development, in 2037, it is expected that there will be 37360 users and 401023 m2.
According to Ericsson's report, the average monthly traffic data request per user is 10 GB, with 8 hours per day of peak traffic.Therefore, daily traffic demand is estimated at 3.46 Mbps per user.We use spectral efficiency in the room at 6.6 bps / Hz and a 20 MHz spectrum for Femtocell Base Station.The range of Femtocell services is 25 m and has a hexagonal cell form.
Based on these data, to meet the needs of the user's traffic and area coverage, a minimum of 205 Base Station Femtocells is needed, with several 183 users per cell.In the simulation, the user location will be uniformly distributed (uniformly distributed).

Network Parameters
Femtocell 5G network simulation uses the system parameters listed in Table 1.

Pathloss
Based on the Femtocell Network parameters in Table 1, the power received in the user terminal can be calculated using a budget link calculation.After knowing the power received from the user terminal, the signal-to-interference and noise (SINR) ratio can be obtained using the equation.

Findings
The simulation results will be analyzed through the Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) from Sinr and Datarrate.
Based on the simulation results for the 4x4 mimo configuration, 90% of users get ten dbm≤sinr≤29dbm.In the 8x8 mimo configuration, 90% of users get 16 dbm ≤ SINR ≤40 dBm.In the Mimo 16x16 configuration, 90% of users get Sinr 43 DBM ≤ Sinr ≤70 DBM.Among the three beamforming scenarios used, the MIMO 16X16 configuration shows a better SINR than the other two configurations.
The results of the FemtoCell network simulation with three mimo scenarios are represented in the flat form.To achieve the 5G network characteristics standard, the User must reach at least 1 Gbps.With the MIMO 16X16 configuration, all users can reach at least 1 Gbps.By using Mimo 8x8, 30% of users get a 1 Gbps flat target, while in the 4x4 MIMO configuration, users can only get a maximum of 0.8 Gbps.
With the 4x4 mimo configuration, the system operates with the lowest performance of other Mimo configurations.By using MIMO 8X8, the User's flat cumulative distribution as one of the QOS (Quality of Service) parameters increases because more streams are provided during the network, strengthening gain beamforming.In the MIMO 16X16 configuration, the network system can guarantee all users obtain at least 1 Gbps as a 5G network standard characteristic.This configuration outperforms other mimo configurations simulated in this project.

Conclusion
5G technology has been predicted to provide services with higher standards than the previous technology generation.In this study, we conducted performance analysis through 5G -based Femtocell Network Simulation.The Femtocell network uses three different mimo configuration scenarios.The simulation results show that with a network with a 16x16 mimo configuration, flat is the best user compared to the 8x8 mimo configuration and 4x4 mimo.This is by the increasing gain caused by the increasing number of antenna elements used in beamforming technology.

Table 1 .
Network Parameter Value